{"id":4176,"date":"2025-10-30T14:15:40","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T14:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/?p=4176"},"modified":"2026-01-25T20:35:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T20:35:37","slug":"what-happened-at-ghadir-khumm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/what-happened-at-ghadir-khumm\/","title":{"rendered":"What Happened at Ghadir Khumm?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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At\u00a0Ghadir Khumm<\/strong>, shortly before his passing, the\u00a0Prophet Muhammad<\/strong>\u00a0\ufdfa made one of the most significant announcements in Islamic history. In front of tens of thousands of Muslims returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he raised the hand of Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS) and declared:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u00bb<\/strong>
\u201cFor whomever I am his master (mawla), \u02bfAl\u012b is his master.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

This historic proclamation, reported in both\u00a0Sunni and Shia sources<\/strong>, was more than a statement of friendship\u2014it was a\u00a0formal declaration of leadership<\/strong>, tied directly to verses of the Qur\u2019an revealed on that very day.<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

Qur\u2019anic Revelation at Ghad\u012br<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The Prophet\u2019s declaration was not delivered on his own accord. It came by\u00a0divine command<\/strong>, with revelation surrounding the event to highlight its gravity.<\/p>\n

Before the Declaration<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Surah al-M\u0101\u2019idah 5:67<\/strong>
\u201cO Messenger, convey what has been revealed to you from your Lord; and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

This verse commanded the Prophet \ufdfa to proclaim a crucial message. According to many exegetes, this was the announcement of Imam \u02bfAl\u012b\u2019s (AS) leadership, despite the Prophet\u2019s concern about possible rejection or resistance.<\/p>\n

After the Declaration<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Surah al-M\u0101\u2019idah 5:3<\/strong>
\u201cToday I have perfected your religion for you, completed My blessing upon you, and chosen Islam as your religion.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Immediately following the announcement at Ghad\u012br, this verse was revealed. It signified the\u00a0completion of Islam<\/strong>, with the perfection of faith tied to the establishment of divine leadership (wil\u0101yah).<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

The Gathering at Ghad\u012br Khumm<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The event occurred in the year 10 AH, during the Prophet\u2019s return from his\u00a0Farewell Pilgrimage<\/strong>. As the caravan reached Ghad\u012br Khumm\u2014a junction where Muslims were set to disperse to different regions\u2014the Prophet \ufdfa stopped everyone in the intense midday heat.<\/p>\n

A pulpit was made from saddles, and the Prophet \ufdfa stood with Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS) at his side. Before delivering the declaration, he asked the people:<\/p>\n

\u201cAm I not more entitled to you than you are to yourselves?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

When the crowd responded yes, the Prophet \ufdfa raised Imam \u02bfAl\u012b\u2019s (AS) hand and declared him\u00a0mawla<\/strong>, establishing his guardianship and leadership over the believers.<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

Witnesses and Reactions<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The announcement was made before an enormous gathering, with reports citing\u00a0over 100,000 companions<\/strong>\u00a0as witnesses. After the declaration, many companions congratulated Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS). Among them was \u02bfUmar ibn al-Kha\u1e6d\u1e6d\u0101b, who said:<\/p>\n

\u201cCongratulations, O son of Ab\u016b \u1e6c\u0101lib! Today you have become the mawla of every believing man and woman.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

This public acknowledgment shows that the companions understood the Prophet\u2019s statement as more than mere affection\u2014it was the appointment of authority.<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

The Significance of Ghad\u012br<\/strong><\/h4>\n

For\u00a0Shia Muslims<\/strong>, the event of Ghad\u012br Khumm marks the\u00a0formal designation of succession<\/strong>. The Prophet \ufdfa ensured that divine guidance would continue through the\u00a0\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645)<\/strong>, beginning with Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS).<\/p>\n

For this reason, the day is celebrated annually as\u00a0\u02bfEid al-Ghad\u012br<\/strong>, a time of renewal of loyalty, unity, and commitment to leadership rooted in faith and justice.<\/p>\n

For Muslims of all schools, the hadith of Ghad\u012br is among the most authentic and widely transmitted traditions, preserved in the works of both Sunni and Shia scholars. It stands as one of the most pivotal and defining moments in Islamic history.<\/p>\n

<\/h5>\n
Evidence<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The Hadith of Ghad\u012br<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arabic:<\/strong>
\n\u00ab\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0631\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0646\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0647\u064f\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0652\u0630\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f\u00bb<\/p>\n

Transliteration:<\/strong>
\nMan kuntu mawl\u0101hu fa-\u02bfAl\u012byun mawl\u0101hu. All\u0101humma w\u0101li man w\u0101l\u0101hu, wa \u02bf\u0101di man \u02bf\u0101d\u0101hu, wan\u1e63ur man na\u1e63arahu, wakhdhul man khadhalahu.<\/em><\/p>\n

English:<\/strong>
\n\u201cFor whomever I am his master (mawla),\u00a0\u02bfAl\u012b<\/strong>\u00a0is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, oppose whoever opposes him, support whoever supports him, and abandon whoever abandons him.\u201d<\/p>\n

\ud83d\udccc This core wording is\u00a0mass-transmitted (mutaw\u0101tir)<\/strong>\u00a0across\u00a0Sunni and Shia collections<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Sunni Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Musnad A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 multiple Ghad\u012br routes (e.g., #22945, #22436, and Musnad \u02bfAl\u012b entries #950\u2013952); regarded authentic by many scholars.<\/li>\n
  • Sunan al-Tirmidh\u012b<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u1e25ad\u012bth 3713 (\u1e25asan \u1e63a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25<\/strong>).<\/li>\n
  • Al-Nas\u0101\u02be\u012b, al-Kha\u1e63\u0101\u02bei\u1e63 al-\u02bfAlawiyyah<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u1e25ad\u012bth 79.<\/li>\n
  • Al-\u1e24\u0101kim, al-Mustadrak<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 3, p. 109; he authenticated it as\u00a0\u1e63a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u27a1\ufe0f\u00a0Nuance:<\/strong>\u00a0Sunni scholars<\/strong>\u00a0unanimously accept the\u00a0event<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0wording<\/em>\u00a0as authentic. The\u00a0interpretation<\/strong>\u00a0differs: many Sunnis see it as honouring\u00a0\u02bfAl\u012b (AS)<\/strong>, while Shia see it as declaring his\u00a0im\u0101mah<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    Shia Sources<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • al-Kulayn\u012b, al-K\u0101f\u012b<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 1, p. 420.<\/li>\n
    • \u02bfAll\u0101mah al-Majlis\u012b, Bi\u1e25\u0101r al-Anw\u0101r<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 37, p. 111.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      <\/h5>\n
      Conclusion \/ Summary<\/strong><\/h5>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0640\u00a0Hadith of Ghad\u012br<\/strong>\u00a0is among the most\u00a0mass-transmitted narrations<\/strong>\u00a0in Islam, reported in both\u00a0Sunni and Shia works<\/strong>.\u00a0Qur\u2019anic verses<\/strong>\u00a0before and after confirm its importance. For\u00a0Shia Muslims<\/strong>,\u00a0Ghad\u012br<\/strong>\u00a0was the Prophet\u2019s final declaration that\u00a0Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS)<\/strong>\u00a0was divinely appointed as his successor.<\/p>\n

      <\/h5>\n
      Quick FAQ<\/strong><\/h5>\n

      Q: Was Ghad\u012br only about friendship?<\/strong>
      \nNo. The\u00a0Prophet\u00a0<\/strong>\ufdfa<\/strong>\u00a0was already loved by the Muslims; proclaiming\u00a0\u02bfAl\u012b (AS)<\/strong>\u00a0as just a \u201cfriend\u201d would not require\u00a0Qur\u2019an 5:67<\/strong>\u00a0or such a massive public event.\u00a0Mawla<\/strong>\u00a0here means\u00a0authority and leadership<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Q: How many people witnessed it?<\/strong>
      \nHistorians report\u00a0tens of thousands present (often cited around 100,000+)<\/strong>\u00a0at\u00a0Ghad\u012br Khumm<\/strong>\u00a0after the\u00a0Farewell Pilgrimage<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Q: Do Sunnis accept Ghad\u012br?<\/strong>
      \nYes.\u00a0Sunni hadith collections<\/strong>\u00a0preserve it as authentic. The difference lies in\u00a0interpretation<\/strong>: Sunnis often see it as honouring\u00a0\u02bfAl\u012b (AS)<\/strong>, while Shia see it as declaring his\u00a0im\u0101mah<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      <\/h5>\n
      References<\/strong><\/h5>\n
        \n
      • The Qur\u2019an<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 King Fahd Complex \/ Quran.com (Sahih International translation).<\/li>\n
      • Musnad A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 multiple Ghad\u012br routes (#22945, #22436, #950\u2013952).<\/li>\n
      • Sunan al-Tirmidh\u012b<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u1e25ad\u012bth 3713.<\/li>\n
      • Al-Nas\u0101\u02be\u012b, al-Kha\u1e63\u0101\u02bei\u1e63 al-\u02bfAlawiyyah<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u1e25ad\u012bth 79.<\/li>\n
      • Al-\u1e24\u0101kim, al-Mustadrak<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 3, p. 109.<\/li>\n
      • al-Kulayn\u012b, al-K\u0101f\u012b<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 1, p. 420; vol. 1, p. 289.<\/li>\n
      • \u02bfAll\u0101mah al-Majlis\u012b, Bi\u1e25\u0101r al-Anw\u0101r<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 37, p. 111.<\/li>\n
      • al-Suy\u016b\u1e6d\u012b, al-Durr al-Manth\u016br<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 2, p. 298.<\/li>\n
      • al-\u1e6cabars\u012b, Majma\u02bf al-Bay\u0101n<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 3, p. 117.<\/li>\n
      • Fakhr al-D\u012bn al-R\u0101z\u012b, Tafs\u012br al-Kab\u012br<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 11, p. 138.<\/li>\n
      • Shaykh al-\u1e6c\u016bs\u012b, al-Tiby\u0101n<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 vol. 3, p. 165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"At\u00a0Ghadir Khumm, shortly before his passing, the\u00a0Prophet Muhammad\u00a0\ufdfa made one of the most significant announcements in Islamic history. In front of tens of thousands of Muslims returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he raised the hand of Imam \u02bfAl\u012b (AS) and declared: \u00ab\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u00bb\u201cFor whomever I am his master (mawla), \u02bfAl\u012b is his [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4177,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[254],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4176"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4716,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4176\/revisions\/4716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4176"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mawla.shop\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}